Notes: Gift of the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. Notes: One mouth gag Consists of two scalloped metal struts The struts are connected to one another by two hinges, one at each outside corner They are further connected by two handles on the user’s right, one screwed to the upper strut and one to the lower strut Each handle ends in a flat, striated paddle The handles are pushed apart or brought together by operating two ratchets, one on the left and one on the right Each ratchet is screwed to the upper strut, and its range of motion is constrained by a bar on the lower strut The upper end of each ratchet is connected by a spring to the upper strut The WLM accession number “66-32” is painted on the lower strut The cataloged object lacks that part which acts as a tongue depressor The dimensions of the gag are the same whether open or closed. Whitehead’s Gag and his Cleft Palate Cases. Transactions of the American Medical Association of Philadelphia: Collins, 1869. Report on the best methods of treatment for different forms of cleft palate. Notes: University of Colorado Denver website. New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company, 1915:363-364. Encyclopedia of Virginia Biography, Volume III. Richmond, Virginia: Powers & Anderson, Inc., 1917:355. Illustrated Catalogue of Surgical Instruments and of Allied Lines. Miller School of Medicine, Louis Calder Memorial Library website, electronic books webpage. 3: Alveolar and Palatal Deformities:141-157. Palatoplasty: evolution and controversies. The complete removal of the tonsil in its capsule (Sluder method) by means of a new tonsillotome. Notes: Austrian Difficult Airway/Intubation Registry, Virtual Museum of Equipment for Airway Management. The wounding, amputation and death of Thomas Jonathan “Stonewall” Jackson – some medical and historical insights. The ADAIR website incorrectly attributes the Whitehead mouth gag to the English surgeon Walter Whitehead, who wrote on excision of the tongue. The original manuscript is dated 1902 and is titled: “The Life and Experiences of an American Surgeon: Including Experiences in Sevastopol during the Crimean War”. Whitehead’s descendants in 2002, and is a reproduction of a manuscript owned by the National Library of Medicine. Notes: The book “Adventures of an American Surgeon” was published by Dr. The second year in the date range is the date that the object was acquired the object’s fragility suggests that it is likely to have been made much earlier. Notes: The first year in the date range is the year of introduction. Subject: Anesthesia, Inhalation – instrumentation. Subject: Airway Management – instrumentation. Īuthor: Whitehead, William Riddick, 1831-1902. Both the Whitehead and Jennings gags are still made today.Ĭatalog Record: Whitehead Mouth Gag Whitehead Mouth Gag His mouth gag features an attached tongue depressor (lacking in this example) and is adjusted by a ratchet at each corner. In 1874, he moved to Denver Colorado, where he spent the rest of his life. He later practiced in New York City, where he introduced his cleft palate gag in 1869. Whitehead served as a surgeon during Crimean war (1853-1856), under the Russian surgeon Nikolai Pirogov (1810-1881.) He served as a surgeon in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War (1861-1865) and tended General "Stonewall" Jackson (1824-1863) at the battle of Chancellorsville. One of the most enduring of these gags was introduced by the adventurous American physician William R. Since the mid-19th Century, many mouth gags have been designed specifically for these surgeries. Surgical procedures for the repair of cleft palate began in the 18th Century, and the first successful cleft palate surgery in the United States was performed in 1820 by John Collins Warren (1778-1856). Mouth gags are sometimes used to hold the patient's mouth open for dentistry, oral surgery and anesthesia. Anesthesiologists are responsible for maintaining the patient's respiration and other vital functions during surgery.
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